Saturday, December 29, 2007

Pragmaticism and Pragmatism

I was reading a thematic overview of philosophy by Donald Palmer and came across a really nice, friendly definition of pragmaticism/pragmatism I thought I should share.

PRAGMATISM was coined by Charles Peirce. It is a method used to clarify thought processes by tracing out the practical consequences of beliefs in various ideas. For example, postulating the existence of a loosely defined ultimate cause is an unprovable theory that will have no effect on your actions in daily existence. No practical consequence; so dismiss the question. Hey! We just used Peirce's pragmatism!

However, there's a little story about this word, which is important because its meaning changes. Stories are so nice because they help you remember better, too! It goes like this:

A man named William James used this word to make a new argument in favor of religious belief. Peirce was pretty upset about how James used it, especially since he wanted to use it to void questions concerning religion, rather than reinforce a particular stance in the controversy. So Peirce changed his word to "PRAGMATICISM" which he thought was "ugly enough to be safe from kidnappers." To this day pragmatism is now associated with James's use of it, and pragmaticism is used for Peirce's.

I'll just quote James who says: "On pragmatic principles, if the hypothesis of God works satisfactorily in the widest sense of the word, it is true." As long as it "will combine satisfactorily with all the other working truths" this hypothesis seems to "work" pretty well. Subjectively true, then; not rigorously so, but conveniently so.

I'm still a bit confused about the distinction between Peirce's pragmaticism and James's pragmatism, however. As I see it, James successfully used Peirce's method to show something Peirce didn't like. That would imply that Peirce's new term is incompatible with the conclusion James made in the preceding paragraph.

Here's a quote from wiki, which suggests the terms are actually interchangeable:
"Whether one chooses to call it "pragmatism" or "pragmaticism", and Peirce himself was not always consistent about it even after the notorious renaming, his conception of pragmatic philosophy is based on one or another version of the so-called "pragmatic maxim"

To conclude, I should also mention that I initially decided to discuss these two words because I thought they were related to pragmatics; THIS IS NOT TRUE.
Pragmatics is not related to pragmatism/pragmaticism, except for the fact that they share a common root.

Here's that root, complements to thefreedictionary.com:

[Latin prgmaticus, skilled in business, from Greek prgmatikos, from prgma, prgmat-, deed, from prssein, prg-, to do.]

If you're interested on my take on pragmatics, please refer back to my previous post on that. As I said before, it's been giving me a headache, so if anyone would care to take a shot at explaining it, I'd appreciate it.

2 comments:

Bruce Graeme said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
Bruce Graeme said...

In a famous passage in Baldwin's "Dictionary" Peirce refuses to go all the way with too buoyant disciples.

One ought to compare Peirce's statement with a curious note of Professor Dewey's: "The point of view which is here presented is, of course, distinctly pragmatic. I am not quite sure, however, of the implications of certain forms of pragmatism. They sometimes seem to imply that a rational or logical statement is all right up to a certain point, but has fixed external limits, so that at critical points recourse must be had to considerations which are distinctly of an irrational or extra-logical order. . . . It is just the opposite which I am endeavoring to sustain, viz. . . ."

Yes, of course. There is the dilemma precisely : Professor James sees well enough — without heralding it too loud — that in following logic to the end, there is no pragmatism left, and in order to be allowed to remain a pragmatist, it is necessary, at one certain point — to jump. While Professor Dewey, who obstinately persists in remaining true to logic, keeps of pragmatism nothing but the word, and lands in the 'science des moeurs'.

https://archive.org/stream/antipragmatism00schigoog#page/n112/mode/2up

p. 108